There are great similarity between clause and sentence (according to structure). If you read carefully then it will be clear to you. At the time of transformation of sentence it is very important to know details about clause and its kinds. So here in this chapter I have provide details about clause.
Definition: A group
of words that forms part of a sentence, and has a subject and a predicate of
its own, is called a Clause.
Examples: This is the man who went there. When I was younger, I thought so.
Kinds of clause:
A. Principal
Clause.
B. Subordinate
Clause.
(i) Noun
Clause.
(ii) Adjective
Clause.
(iii) Adverb
Clause.
C. Coordinate
Clause.
Principal
Clause:
Definition: A simple sentence is one which has only one subject and one
predicate/finite verb.
Examples: The moon was bright. We could see our way.
Subordinate
Clause:
Definition: A complex sentence consists of one main clause and one or more
subordinate clause.
Examples: Though he is poor, he is honest. If you read attentively, you shall understand everything.
Note: (so that, if, since, as, when, though, although etc. are generally used
in this kind of sentence)
Noun
Clause:
Definition: A noun clause is a group words which contains a subject and a predicate
of its own, and does the work of a noun.
Functions
of a noun clause:
As a
subject of a verb.
As an
object of a verb.
As an
object of a preposition.
As a complement
of a verb.
As noun
or pronoun of apposition.
Examples:
That he has much money is known to all (As a subject of a verb)
I know that he has done the work (As an object of a verb)
Do not
think about what he said (As an object of a preposition)
This is what he said (As a
complement of a verb)
The fact
that he is a thief is clear to all (As noun or pronoun of apposition)
Adjective
Clause:
Definition: An adjective clause is a group words which contains a subject and a
predicate of its own, and does the work of an adjective.
Examples: I know
the man who came. Tell me
the way how you will do it. This is
the man who went there.
Note: (In an adjective clause we generally can see- where, when, why, how, who,
which, what etc.)
Adverb
Clause:
Definition: An adverb clause is a group words which contains a subject and a
predicate of its own, and does the work of an adverb.
Examples: You may
sit, whenever you like. When I was younger, I thought so. I shall
remain, where I am. He could
not go to school, because he was ill.
Note: (In an adverb clause we generally can see- where, whence, wherever, then,
while, whenever, because, as, since, that, so that, in order that, lest, such,
if, unless, incase, whether, on condition that, provided that, supposing that,
though, although, than, even, as…as, the same…as, such…as, so…as etc.)
Coordinate
Clause:
Definition: A coordinate clause is one made up of two or more simple sentence.
Examples: He came and he saw everything. I called her but she gave me no answer. He went there but he could not see the man.
Note: (And, and so, but, or, yet etc. are generally used in this kind of
sentence)
Difference
between Noun Clause and Adjective Clause:
I know who came (N.C) = I know the man who came (A.C)
He
understands why I say so (N.C) = He understands the reason why I say so (A.C)
This is who went there (N.C) = This is the man who went there (A.C)
Tell me how will do it (N.C) = Tell me the way how you will do it (A.C)
