If you want to change narration or voice then you will understand that case is a very important grammatical topic in English grammar. In this chapter I have provided some important discussion on case. A student should have good knowledge on the chart of case.
Number
|
Subjective
|
Objective
|
Possessive
|
Double Possessive
|
Reflexive Pronoun
|
Singular
|
I
You
He
She
It
Ohi
|
Me
You
Him
Her
It
Ohi
|
My
Your
His
Her
Its
Roy’s
|
Mine
Yours
His
Hers
---
---
|
Myself
Yourself
Himself
Herself
Itself
---
|
Plural
|
We
You
They
|
Us
You
Them
|
Our
Your
Their
|
Ours
Yours
Theirs
|
Ourselves
Yourselves
Themselves
|
Definition: The relation in which a noun stands to some other word or the change of form by which this relation is indicated, is called its case.
Kinds of Case:
A. Subjective/Nominative
Case.
(i) Nominative of address or vocative case.
(ii) Nominative absolute.
(iii) Complementary nominative.
B. Objective Case.
C. Possessive Case.
(i) Double possessive.
(ii) Treble possessive.
(iii) Elliptical possessive.
Subjective/Nominative
Case:
Definition: When a noun or pronoun is used as the subject of a verb then it
is said subjective case.
Examples: He did the work. You went there. They are going to market.
Vocative Case:
Definition: When a noun is used to address a
person or thing, the noun is called the Nominative of address. It is
also called Vocative Case or Case of Address.
Examples: Come here, Ram. Come on, boys. Roy, what are you doing?
Nominative absolute:
Definition: When a noun or pronoun
is followed by a participle and not by a finite verb, it is called the
Nominative absolute.
Examples: The sun having, we went home. I will come tomorrow, weather permitting. Dinner being over, the guest left the table.
Complementary
nominative:
Definition: When a noun use as a complement in a sentence, then that
complement works as a nominative case. And this kind of nominative case is
called Complementary Nominative.
Examples: He is a doctor. They selected me captain. We made him chairman.
Note: Complement: When a noun gives
more information about a subject or object, then that noun is called
Complement.
Objective:
Definition: When
a noun or pronoun is used as the object of a verb then it is said objective
case.
Examples: I gave him. They saw me. She likes them very much.
Possessive:
Definition: The possessive case denotes ownership or possession. The possessive answers
the question- ‘Whose’
Examples: This is her pen. It was my car. Your shirt is very nice.
Double
possessive:
Definition: Double possessive denote one out of many things of the same
kind. Both (‘s) and ‘of’ are used to express it. (of + noun
+ ‘s = Double Possessive)
Examples: A book of my friend’s. The house of Rafiq’s. The news of David’s.
Treble
possessive:
Definition: When ‘of’ is
used before Double Possessive then it is called Treble Possessive (of mine, of
ours, of theirs, of hers, of yours).
Examples: This is a house of theirs. The dog of ours is red. He is a friend of mine.
Elliptical
possessive:
Definition: In some cases nouns denoting house, shop, etc. are omitted
after the possessive. Such a possessive is called the Absolute or Elliptical
Possessive.
Examples: He went to Jon’s (Jon’s house). I found him at the
tailor’s (tailor’s shop). The patient will go to St. Paul’s (Paul’s hospital).
Case in
Apposition:
Definition: When two nouns are placed side by side and indicate the
same person or thing, the second is said to be in apposition with the first.
Examples: Akbar, emperor of India, was a
patron of art. Yesterday I met your uncle, the doctor. Mr. Khan, teacher of the college,
went there.
